Taking a Look at Medieval Tournaments - 847 Words

In the 17th century, medieval tournaments became unpopular because of the invention of guns and crossbows. Tournaments are usually competitions in a sport and the winner is rewarded with a prize. There were many types of tournaments that knights could compete and or participate in during the Middle Ages. In tournaments, you could gain prizes, reputation, and respect. There were many things that could change the outcome of tournaments depending on what type of lances you used or the armor. The tournaments served as a symbol for lives of knights in the Middle Ages. This is shown in these three ways: chivalry, their daily life, and types of battles they participated in. Chivalry was the â€Å"code† that knights practiced daily. This â€Å"code† knights lived by, consisted of religious, moral, and social protocols. The religious protocol is exemplified by always keeping faith in themselves and their peers. Another way that religion was exemplified by their â€Å"code,† was to worship God and keep his church in check, and to not sin. They were also required to always hold forth the truth. Some ways that exemplified their morality, were by living for fame and glory. Knights had the obligation to be social, to respect their elders and to take orders from those who had more power than they did as a knight. The knight would take on the challenges of bravely fighting to defend their lords. There were many things made at tournaments, one of which was respect and reputation. Being respected as aShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Medieval knight and Chivalry1383 Words   |  6 Pages The Medieval Knight and Chivalry The Medieval knight followed a strict and detailed Code of Chivalry, which dictated his lifestyles and actions throughout the medieval ages. A man went through a lot to become a knight. The training took years and it was very tedious at times. â€Å"The obligations of knighthood were so heavy that sometimes squires refused knighthood and remained squires all their lives†(Buehr 33). After all the years of training, one day made it all worthwhile. The knighting ceremonyRead MoreSpeech : The Last Move 1412 Words   |  6 Pagesboards, but only around five to ten people sat at a table in the middle of the room. I took a seat closest to the door and waited what felt like ages before the teacher walked In. Mr. McGraw was the teacher’s name and he announced it loudly before taking up a spot in the front of the room. The rest of the meeting was about the basics of chess and a short historic lesson of the game’s origins. The first few moments I got home I quickly told m y parent of the boring experience and how badly I wantedRead MoreEssay The Knight and the Cart1454 Words   |  6 Pagespoured urbanized knowledge into society. New technological advances and economics transformations provided the means for building magnificent architectures. These developments were representative of the mental and behavioral transformations that the medieval world underwent and the new relationships that were brought about between men, women and society in the twelfth century. As in technology, science, and scholasticism, Literature was also reborn with a new theme.3 Very different from traditional writingsRead MoreSports : An Essential Component Of Education2418 Words   |  10 Pagesfeelings of shame, guilt or remorse. For many people however, the main force preventing them from behaving unethically is the fear of getting caught. Such people tend to have low morality or more colloquially, are â€Å"moral zeros†. Every opportunity for taking the responsibility from such person and assigning it to another individual may cause a breaking of the rules. In this case the application of any regulations or limitations might only work in the short-term, however in the long run such an individualRead More The Complex Character of King Richard II Essays3454 Words   |  14 PagesRichard is missing an opportunity to have Mowbray permanently silenced, so as not to have a witness to implicate himself. Though his decision to wish for no violence could be commendable. Richard is truly a man fit for the medieval period, this being proved in the tournament he has Bolingbroke and Mowbray participate in. The scene starts with trumpets sounding and the king flourishing in; Bolingbroke and Mowbray are suited in armor. Richard begins the ceremony (for thats what it truly is) withRead More Comparing Daisy Buchanan of The Great Gatsby and Brett of The Sun Also Rises2630 Words   |  11 Pages(101). That dream is also empty because Daisy is empty. Fitzgerald depicts her as an empty, useless and dependent female who ultimately lacks definition. Whereas Gatsby works to pursue Daisy, Nick has a regular job, and even Jordan has her tournaments; Daisy does not have a purpose, a profession, or even a talent for anything. Her purposelessness is apparent in this scene with Jordan Baker: We ought to plan something, yawned Miss Baker, sitting down at the table as if she were getting intoRead MoreThe Importance of Respect Throughout Society4289 Words   |  18 Pageswhile that implementation unique to the culture, time (age), and military situation, there are very clear similarities that show respect was and is an inherent human trait. Nowhere shows that emphasis more than in a military environment, where people look to seniors and leaders for guidance in life or death situations, that may or may not involve national or world changing events, where respect in the command structure is of the utmost for a desired outcome and minimal loss of resources. If youRead MoreFigurative Language and the Canterbury Tales13472 Words   |  54 Pagesapproximate rhyme: also known as imperfect rhyme, near rhyme, slant rhyme, or oblique rhyme. A term used for words in a rhyming pattern that have some kind of sound correspondence but are not perfect rhymes. Often words at the end of lines at first LOOK like they will rhyme but are not pronounced in perfect rhyme. Emily Dickinson’s poems are famous for her use of approximate rhyme. 9. assonance: the repetition of vowel sounds †¢ The child of mine was lying on her side. [i] †¢ Over the mountainsRead MoreHow Will Science and Technology Change Our Life in Future11053 Words   |  45 Pagesbeen speculation, but no evidence, that this was a form of cricket. A number of other words have been suggested as sources for the term cricket. In the earliest definite reference to the sport in 1598,[5]  it is called  creckett. Given the strong medieval trade connections between south-east England and the  County of Flanders  when the latter belonged to the  Duchy of Burgundy, the name may have been derived from the  Middle Dutch[6]  krick(-e), meaning a stick (crook); or the  Old English  cricc  or  cryce  meaningRead MoreList Of Abbreviations And Abbreviations10695 Words   |  43 Pageswhich focuses more on the ‘scientific study of the nature, extent, management, causes, control, consequences, and prevention of criminal behavior, both on the individual and social levels’. (walkate, 2010) To understand the present, it is paramount to look into the past as history plays precedence. To comprehend a failed state in this case Somalia, its history will be our guide.Civil wars as any otherare dirty wars and with every passing time, their complexity increases and changes. It is through such

Notes On Music And Music - 1255 Words

Khalifah Alkhaldi Music Class 04-15-2017 There is something alluring about traditions. No matter how far away from home one gets, they will always cherish the manner in which things are done back at home. They retain even the slightest things that will help them hold on to the past or the way of life that they have left behind. They will cook or serve food in a certain way because it is their sentimental way of remaining attached what they were familiar with. This is also the case with my choice of music. I came to study in United States a while back and I have come to pick up a few things about the way people do things but I am yet to let go of my old ways. I have come to learn and accept the music that people listen to in this country†¦show more content†¦I also did not want the back seats because they are the lousiest seats one can get. What is the importance of sitting in a spacious isle side if you cannot see some members of the ensemble? I made sure to arrive a little bit late so that I could just walk in and settle down after the arrival of the performing bands without having to sit through the music department’s opening speech. I came in just in time for the commencement of the first piece. I sat and stared at the front at this lady who was doing a solo performance. I could already tell that the night was only going to pick up from this point. With her eyes closed and her head swaying with every stroke her hand made, all the people wanted to do was look at her and share the same calmness that she portrayed. It was as if the world had shut down leaving her to enjoy the calm state. I envied how she could just forget the world even for a second and relish in the world she had created. She was just a tip of the amazing things that the night had in store. Two flute choirs down the line and I was listening to Celtic music. The traditional music was even better than the music the flute choir played. All along I stared at this young girl sitting close to the leader of the Celtic crue. There was something familiar about her, something that had not only captured my eyes but my full attention. The more IShow MoreRelatedMusic Notes3387 Words   |  14 PagesMusic Notes: Midterm One Introduction Studying Rock: * Fan mentality: reject other forms of music * Gold Records: 500,000 copies * Platinum Records: 1 million copies Themes: * Social, political, and cultural issues * Issues of race, class, and gender * The development of the music business * The development of technology The Popularity Arc: * Mainstream popularity is the ‘peak’ * Genres tend to develop underground and aren’t written about historically duringRead MoreReflection Of A Concert Note On Music By Franz Liszt795 Words   |  4 Pages The concert I went to was about some of the faculty members and teachers playing music and singing songs from different times of different eras. The first piece that was played are Classical genre, Oh! Quand Je Dors, S.282 and O Lieb, So Lang Du Lieben Kannst! S. 298. Both pieces were composed by the composer Franz Liszt. They were played by Eugenia Eugenia Oi-Yan Yau, who played Soprano and Amber Yiu- Hsuan Liao, played piano. I never heard or listened to Soprano before so I didn’t know whatRead MoreA Brief Note On The Nepalese Music Band1127 Words   |  5 PagesNepalese Music Band: Nepathya Nepathya is a music band that was formed in the early 1990s. In 1990, nine young boys started a band from beautiful city called Pokhara, Nepal, which is now famous by the name â€Å"Nepathya†. They were nine different people but came together to achieve a goal, met at Kathmandu during their college and formed a â€Å"Nepathya†. At first, they used to sing in the concert in the street and in the restaurant. As time passed by they began to broadcast through radio. They started toRead MoreA Brief Note On The Country Music Association Awards1868 Words   |  8 PagesWhat I Already Knew/What I Wanted to Know This November, for the first time ever, I watched the Country Music Association Awards (CMAs). Actually, let s be completely honest, I watched 6 glorious minutes and 17 seconds of the CMAs: Beyonce preforming Daddy Lessons with The Dixie Chicks. Once my favorite performer exited the stage I promptly clicked my Roku TV off and opened up my Snapchat app to post my feelings about Daddy Lessons being one of the few country songs I’ve listened to that I actuallyRead MoreA Short Note On Pop Music And Its Effects On Popular Culture932 Words   |  4 Pages Furthermore, global consumers are progressively embracing popular cultural products such as music like Gangnam Style as well as film and other audio-visual media content through online social media community networks. Jung Shim (2014, pp.485) illustrate that following Psy’s global success, other Korean pop music or K-Pop, have become one of the most vigorously distributed forms of pop culture globally, through its distribution via social networks. Hogarth (2013, pp.144) illustrates how K-Pop entertainmentRead MoreHow The Piano Is Put Off By The Idea Of Spending Long, Boring Hours Learning Music Notes1156 Words   |  5 PagesMany people who want to learn to play the piano are put off by the idea of spending long, boring hours learning music notes. If you are serious about learning to play the piano, the first thing you will need to do is put those negative thoughts behind and start with an open mind. It does take time and yes, you have to learn the music notes, but it does n ot have to be boring, and it certainly does not have to take forever before you learn to play on your own. Follow these seven steps carefully, andRead MorePresentation Is A Guide For Beginner Piano Players1415 Words   |  6 Pagesintermediate level are learning the notes on the piano, establishing a rudimentary foundation in theory, obtaining proper form and technique, practicing finger exercises, and learning the right music. (Slide 1 and 2) The first tip in learning how to play the piano is understanding how many keys are present, and where each note and octave is located. A standard piano has 88 keys that consist of seven octaves. Although there are 88 keys, there are twelve notes which are A, B, C, D, E, F and G andRead MoreThe Impact Of World Music On Music And Culture1168 Words   |  5 Pagesworld music and globalization. According to Bohlman, world music is music people face ubiquitously, and includes popular, folk and art music practiced by either professionals or amateurs; it may be Western or non-Western, acoustic, electronic, and so on. Bohlman notes that world music can be marketable, profane, or sacred, and that musicians may highlight genuineness while greatly relying on media to propagate it to as many markets as they can. The consumers of world music may accept the music as howeverRead MoreFive Propositions for Exploring World Music Essay1727 Words   |  7 PagesMusic 407 Chapter 1: What is world music? A Point of Departure: Five Propositions for Exploring World Music 1. The basic property of all music is SOUND * Tone – the duration (length), frequency (pitch), amplitude (loudness), timbre (quality of sound). * All sounds have the potential to be tones 2. The sounds (and silences) that comprise a musical work organized in some way * Music is a form of organized sound * Listening: CD 1:1 (Beethoven’s Symphony #9) CD 1:2 (JapaneseRead MoreQuestions On The Basic Elements Of Music859 Words   |  4 Pages What are the basic elements of music? The basic elements of music include: pitch, rhythm, beat, tempo, dynamics, timbre, melody, harmony and form. It appears other questions ask for the definition of these terms. Therefore, I assume this is the answer for this question. 2. What is pitch? Pitch is the frequency of a sound. Basically, this means it correlates to how high or low the tone sounds. In the West, there are typically 12 different pitches used in music. A octave is the repetition of these

Intellectual Property Business Law Sample â€Myassingmenthelp.com

Question: How Fair are the Existing Defences to Copyright Infringement in Australian law? Answer: The exceptions in relation to the copyright laws which allow people to use the work of another which is protected through copyrights are known as fair dealing. In Australian law a person does not infringe the copyright of another if he uses the work for the purpose of criticism, private study, research, education, news reporting, parody, satire and reviews. The person using the copyrighted work has to observe fairness in this use in order to be able to gain protection under fair dealing[1]. Fair dealing has been provided by Australian copyright legislation for long. The expression was initially used in Australia in Copyright Act 1905 which made Australia the first common law country to include fair dealing. According to the Copyright Act 1868 section 40-43 the following do not account to an infringement of copyright. Study or research Review or criticism Satire or parody News reporting Legal advice given by the person who practice law, and trademark and lawyer who is involved in patents. Not all copyright materials fall under the use of such defenses. According to the CA the following copyrighted materials are subjected to copyright[2]. Artistic, musical, literary or dramatic works Adaptations of musical, dramatic or literary works Cinematography films, television broadcasts, sound broadcasts and sound recordings. Copyright aims to protect the work of the author from unauthorized use. However in order to promote fairness in the society and develop trade and commerce the public has been given few rights by the parliament. The use of a copyrighted material by any other person would be totally based on the facts of the given situation[3]. There is a thin line between fair dealing and infringement. The court considers the purpose and nature of work along with the amount of copyrighted work used by the other person just to check if the dealing done was fair or not. Fair use and fair trading are concepts related to each other with respect to the use of copyrighted materials. However the terms are not synonymous as their meaning is not same in different legal frameworks. The idea of reasonable utilize has started in the United States. The term incorporates restriction and special case in regards to the utilization of copyright materials. The idea of reasonable use in United States is subjected to open finished exemption which is not constrained to a predefined reason. In the country fair use relates to a combined question of facts and law. The exception of fair use is thus limited to the broad question that whether or not the act as fair in relation to the circumstances. On the other hand the provisions related to fair dealing ate only applicable if the materials have been used for a specific purpose. Similarly if the use does not fall within the ambits of the specified purpose it cannot be regarded as fair use. Thus two questions arise in case of fair purpose whether the use fall within the specified purpose and whether the use accounts to fairness. The exception would only be applicable is the answer to both the questions are positive[4]. Therefore it can be held that the concept of fair dealing is narrower as compared to that of fair use. The primary reasonable utilize decisions by United States courts can be viewed as a consequence of the United States legal system: the sacred structure (tallying the Principal Correction right of free expression), the specific substance of its copyright law what's more, the more important capacity of judges to expect a dynamic part in the change of answers for mechanical changes that alter copyright markets. In case a reasonable utilize style plan was given in Australia it could have achieved a more broad extent of items being seen by the courts as falling inside that uncommon case. There are most likely going to be by and large contrasting presumptions about what these additional reasons might be. These would should be settled on case by case introduce by the courts. It is possible that the Australian courts working in an other legal system may receive a substitute methodology[5]. To date they have been more stressed with the illustration of statutory game plans and looking for Parliament for unequivocal course on the utilization of authorized advancement law to new development. Any new reasonable utilize sort exception could be read down by Australian courts, particularly in case it appeared to cover with other specific uncommon cases in the Australian Copyright Act. Some Acts may be permitted as a sensible overseeing or a reasonable utilize. Regardless, different acts permitted as a sensible use in the Unified States may be allowed in the Copyright Act under a specific unique case or statutory allow. Be that as it may, there are complexities. As analyzed over, the Unified States control has been deciphered to allow a couple of businesses that are not secured by exclusion or statutory allow in the Copyright Act. Then again, Australian game plans can be broader than fair use. The statutory licenses for informative use in the Copyright Act give Australian informational associations more broad approvals to use copyright material than sensible use grants to equivalent Joined States associations (however on portion of impartial remuneration for copyright proprietors).Therefore, if the Administration were to consider alterations it may not be a fitting answer for essentially ?'replace?' the reasonable managing special cases or ?'add on?' an open finish ed reasonable utilize arrangement. The relationship of such a game plan to other uncommon cases and statutory licenses in the Copyright Act would be meticulously considered to dodge issues rising up out of any cover and following intrusion to existing business and approving game-plans. This issue is tended to help underneath. This Section follows possible decisions that the Administration could consider for change of exceptions under the Copyright Act if it picked that definitive change was required. Option 1 The Copyright Law Survey Board of trustees in its report Disentanglement of the Copyright Act Section 1 suggested that the Copyright Act may be corrected to give a combined and extended reasonable managing arrangement that is less unpredictable, adequately adaptable to adjust to new uses that rise with mechanical advancements, additionally contain enough detail to give valuable direction to both copyright proprietors and clients. The Copyright Law review Committee's proposition was to: merge the present reasonable managing arrangements in a solitary arrangement, grow reasonable managing to an open-finished model that particularly alludes to the ebb and flow restrictive arrangement of purposes - research or study, feedback or audit, announcing news and expert counsel - however is not restricted to those reasons, and, For the most part apply the non-restrictive arrangement of components accommodated in s 40(2) to all fair dealings. Under this proposal, the new solidified arrangement would incorporate the exhibit ss 40-43 and 103A-103C. This would keep on providing copyright proprietors along with, clients with a measure of sureness, while additionally giving courts a means of adaptability to choose whether different utilizations would be reasonable. This would allow courts to favor new or minor uses that don't make huge mischief copyright proprietors. Then again, this choice would require legal elucidation on a case-by-case premise to figure out what, assuming any, new uses are permitted by the combined arrangement. Before the understanding of the courts, there is no real way to know whether acts, for example, time-moving or arrange moving would be legitimate (unless particular special cases for these utilizations were likewise incorporated into the Copyright Act). Option 2 This alternative would hold ss 40-43 and 103A-103C, and other existing special cases, however include another open-finished reasonable utilize style arrangement. This arrangement would incorporate the non-selective arrangement of variables accommodated in s 40(2) . The order of an open ended special case would broaden the adaptability of the Copyright Act and, contrasted with choice 1, could show to the courts that the new arrangement is proposed to allow extra uses well beyond those effectively secured by the current Fair dealing exemptions. Then again, this approach might add to the many-sided quality of the Copyright Act. There would be impressive vulnerability with regards to the extent of the open-finished until case law created. A client considering depending on this special case would need to measure the legitimate danger of conceivable case. Until the extension was translated by the courts, there might be huge interruption to existing permitting game plans. No practically identical purview has sanctioned both particular reasonable managing exemptions and a comparative open-ended arrangement. Option 3 This choice would hold the current special cases, including the reasonable managing arrangements, while including new particular special cases. This approach would keep up current strategy of giving sureness to copyright proprietors and clients for the allowed acts, at the same time refreshing Copyright Act to incorporate in different ways including normal purchaser ones which don't make huge damage copyright proprietors. For case S 111, the time-moving of radio and TV communication may be changed to permit as a free special case for private usage only. The exemption allowing group moving like the New Zealand approach may likewise be considered. This alternative would not enable a court to choose whether to qualify the minor utilization. At present, innovative advancements may arise therefore the Parliament is required to audit and refresh the Act for future uses. Option 4 This choice would keep up conviction for proprietors and clients concerning the current reasonable managing arrangements. Likewise, it would make legal some predefined types of private duplicating, (for example, time-moving and arrange moving) by clients and guarantee remuneration is paid to copyright proprietors. It is conceivable under a test of three steps for a legal permit plan to allow an extensive scope of private adapting that can be permitted under at least one special case which does not repay copyright proprietors. This option moreover would not empower a court to pick whether another or minor use should qualify as a sensible use, particularly where usage is other than private copying. At present, Parliament would be recommended to review and revive the Act as needs be to future uses to which imaginative upgrades may give rise. Among the various exclusions and statutory licenses recorded in Attachment A are crucial extraordinary cases which allow ?'fair dealings?' for particular purposes. What is "fair?" depends on upon the particular conditions; however the Copyright Act gives leads on what is respected sensible in association with dealings of research and study (ss 40(2), (3) and 103C). The plans are given in two segments of Act, (Part III) gives the capability between "works?" and 'subject matter' (Part IV2). In additional, extraordinary cases to entertainers rights in live presentations are overseen Partially XIA (the significance of 'exempt recording' in s 248A (1)). S 40(1) gives, 'A sensible dealing with an insightful, enthusiastic, melodic or inventive work, with an alteration of an academic, passionate or melodic work, for the explanation behind research or study does not constitute an infringement of the copyright in the work. Section 103C (1) is in similar terms in association with dealings to `audiovisual things' (described as sound recordings, motion pictures and imparts). The Copyright Act sets out a non-specific course of action of components to be considered in choosing on the off chance that one sort of overseeing (i.e. reproducing) of works for research or study is sensible. Section 103C(2) is in relative terms in relationship with the dealings which 'fluctuate in media things'. Section 248A(1A) is in basically indistinguishable terms in relationship with a sensible administering sound recording for research or examination of live pass on of an execution. Before 1980, the idea of ?'fairness?' under s 40 was not characterized. Section40(2) depends on suggestion by the Franki Committee3 which was built up in light of worries with respect to clients of copyright material, especially instructive establishments. The Franki report recommendation, authorized in s 40(2), was influenced by the then proposed s 107 of the Unified States Copyright Act relating to sensible utilize, which was preceding the Congress. In making its suggestion, the Franki Board of trustees perceived that there must be feedback which the standards later ordered in s 40(2) still left impressive space for legal elucidation. In any case, the Franki Panel accepted there were such a large number of components which may be considered in deciding if a specific case of replicating would be reasonable managing that it was very unreasonable to endeavor to evacuate from s 40 the need to consider singular conditions. Section 40(3) sets out more direction on most extreme amounts of generations that is considered to be a reasonable managing, if they are meant for the motivation behind research or study. In a periodical production recreating the entire part of an article or not more than a `proper part' of a work or adjustment is esteemed to be reasonable, paying little heed to the components to be considered in deciding decency under s 40(2). A ?'reasonable portion?' is characterized non-comprehensively in s 10(2) of the Copyright Act. The definition gives that a duplicate will be a `reasonable part' if the pages replicated, in connection to a distributed release of a scholarly, emotional or melodic work. In connection to ?'audio-visual items?', s 103C doesnt give a quantitative test proportional to that accommodated under s 40(3). The Copyright Act dont contain meaning of the term ?'research or study?'. The courts have reliably held that it is the reason for the individual for managing, as opposed to a definitive use to which the material is put, that is important when evaluating so the managing could be viewed as a reasonable managing with the end goal of research or study[6]. Before 1980 ?'study?' was certified by the descriptive word ?'private?'. The Copyright Revision Act 1980 erased word 'private' from s 40(1) steady with some other proposal made by the Franki Board of trustees[7]. That Advisory gathering considered that the uncommon case was wanted to perceive use of material for private survey from use for classroom rule, yet it saw the refinement as reenacted and difficult to keep up. The Australian courts are meant to look after the duplicating and other utilize of copyright material with the end goal of business innovative work can be viewed as reasonable managing for study and research. The Australian Law Survey Commission in its Report Quality Licensing and Human Wellbeing, introduced to Government in June 2004, prescribed the Copyright Act to be revised to give that business research is done for the reasons of managing special cases. The Legislature is thinking about that suggestion. However the amended fair dealing provisions provide a wide ranges of specified purposed to be used as exception. The word dealing in fair dealing has the same meaning to the word use in fair use without any alternations[8]. The purpose of copy right law is to provide a balance between commercial benefits and necessary use of materials. The law seeks to protect the market against monopoly, failure along with safeguarding freedom of expression. It is not easy to establish a clear distinction between what privileges should be granted to copyright owners and what should not[9]. If excess protection is provided to the copyright owner it would lead to market failure and suppression of creativity on the other hand if adequate protection is not provided the owners would not be entitled to the benefits they deserve. The Copyright Act 1968 seeks to provide adequate balance to copyrights through the provisions of fair dealing. The provisions also seek to strike out ambiguity which surrounded copyright exception[10]. It is being argued by defenders relating to copyright exceptions along with academics that contract law and technology related to copyright is significantly restricting the scope of exception and furth er harming creative ideas. In adequate harmonization related to exceptions limits the expansion of knowledge related to knowledge based services and goods across Australia[11]. Typically copyright is deemed to be as monopoly which has been sanctioned legally. Thus this feature of copyright acts as an inference in free and competitive market of Australia. These situations are governed by provisions of completion law in Australia. The situations may get worse when the parties who have copyright licenses engage in activities like price discrimination and use of the license terms for unfair purposed. Competition concerns are also raised by attempts of extending copyright terms through royalties[12]. On the other hand people are finding new ways to determine how to manipulate the existing exceptions in order to use them to the deterrence of the license holders. In case too much defenses are provided as in the case of fair use people come up with creative ideas not for the use of society but to use the exception to the deterrence of the owner[13]. In Australia the parliament has ensured that the exceptions are only provided for purposes which have no relation to commercial use[14]. The copyright Act 1968 provides exception in in relation to specified purposes and nothing more than that. This step ensures that people are not able to use the exceptions in a way which would infringe the rights of the owners. Educations use has been promoted by the legislation in order to enhance creativity with the help of knowledge. Similarly through the exceptions of review and criticism the parliament protects the freedom of expression of the public[15]. Through the process of news reporting the p arliament ensures that the new technologies and discoveries are convey to the public. Thus the Copyright Act 1968 provides adequate protection to copyright holders along with ensuring exceptions in order to maintain a perfect balance. References Aulakh, Jaspreet Kaur, Sugandha Sharma, and Mayank Arora. "Mobile Cloud Computing Security Issues: Overview." Benhamou, Francoise. "Fair use and fair competition for digitized cultural goods: the case of eBooks."Journal of Cultural Economics39.2 (2015): 123-131. Chisholm, Richard, and Garth Nettheim.Understanding law: an introduction to Australia's legal system. LexisNexis Butterworths, 2012. Cornish, William, Gordon Ionwy David Llewelyn, and Tanya Aplin. "Intellectual property: patents, copyright, trade marks allied rights." (2013). Dobusch, Leonhard, and Sigrid Quack. "Framing standards, mobilizing users: Copyright versus fair use in transnational regulation."Review of International Political Economy20.1 (2013): 52-88. Fiesler, Casey, and Amy S. Bruckman. "Remixers' understandings of fair use online."Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work social computing. ACM, 2014. Gilbert, Jrmie.Indigenous Peoples' Land Rights under International Law. Brill, 2016. Grosheide, F. Willem, Herwin Roerdink, and Karianne Thomas. "Intellectual property protection for video games: a view from the European Union."J. Int't Com. L. Tech.9 (2014): 1. Kim, Wonil, and Dong Oh Hong. "More Copyrights, Stronger Patents."Managing Intell. Prop.218 (2012): 38. Knepper, William E., et al.Duty of Loyalty. Vol. 1. Liability of Corporate Officers and Directors, 2016. Lloyd, Ian.Information technology law. Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. Moens, Gabril, John Trone, and Richard Darrell Lumb. "Lumb, Moens Trone, The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia Annotated." (2012). Morgan, Rhiannon.Transforming law and institution: indigenous peoples, the United Nations and human rights. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2013. Nielson, Flemming, Hanne R. Nielson, and Chris Hankin.Principles of program analysis. Springer, 2015. Nijkamp, Peter, and Aura Reggiani.Interaction, evolution and chaos in space. Springer Science Business Media, 2012. Nimmer, David.Nimmer on copyright. LexisNexis, 2013. Pallante, Maria A. "The Next Great Copyright Act."Colum. JL Arts36 (2012): 315. Pulitano, Elvira, ed.Indigenous Rights in the Age of the UN Declaration. Cambridge University Press, 2012. Reichman, Jerome H., and Ruth L. Okediji. "When copyright law and science collide: empowering digitally integrated research methods on a global scale."Minnesota law review96.4 (2012): 1362. Sag, Matthew. "Predicting fair use." (2012). Stokes, Simon.Digital copyright: law and practice. 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